DEADLIEST EFFECTS OF GLOBAL WARMING

Polar ice caps melting

The ice caps melting is a four-pronged danger.
First, it will raise sea levels. There are 5,773,000 cubic miles of water in ice caps, glaciers, and permanent snow. According to the National Snow and Ice Data Center, if all glaciers melted today the seas would rise about 230 feet. Luckily, that’s not going to happen all in one go! But sea levels will rise.

Second, melting ice caps will throw the global ecosystem out of balance. The ice caps are fresh water, and when they melt they will desalinate the ocean, or in plain English – make it less salty. The desalinization of the gulf current will “screw up” ocean currents, which regulate temperatures. The stream shutdown or irregularity would cool the area around north-east America and Western Europe. Luckily, that will slow some of the other effects of global warming in that area!

Third, temperature rises and changing landscapes in the artic circle will endanger several species of animals. Only the most adaptable will survive.

Fourth, global warming could snowball with the ice caps gone. Ice caps are white, and reflect sunlight, much of which is relected back into space, further cooling Earth. If the ice caps melt, the only reflector is the ocean. Darker colors absorb sunlight, further warming the Earth.

Warmer waters and more hurricanes

As the temperature of oceans rises, so will the probability of more frequent and stronger hurricanes. We saw in this in 2004 and 2005.

Increased probability and intensity of droughts and heat waves

Although some areas of Earth will become wetter due to global warming, other areas will suffer serious droughts and heat waves. Africa will receive the worst of it, with more severe droughts also expected in Europe. Water is already a dangerously rare commodity in Africa, and according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, global warming will exacerbate the conditions and could lead to conflicts and war.

Spread of disease

As northern countries warm, disease carrying insects migrate north, bringing plague and disease with them.

Economic consequences

Most of the effects of anthropogenic global warming won’t be good. And these effects spell one thing for the countries of the world: economic consequences. Hurricanes cause billions of dollars in damage, diseases cost money to treat and control and conflicts exacerbate all of these.

PARTICLES MULTI-TASK TO CLIMATE CHANGE

Particulate, or aerosol, pollution has influenced climate in several ways during the past century. While the net effect is global-cooling, in opposition to the greenhouse gas warming, the aerosol effects include a combination of cooling and warming components. Probably the best understood effect is the direct scattering and absorbing of sunlight by aerosols suspended in the atmosphere, the "direct effect". Bright particles scatter incoming radiation. The most important scattering component is sulfate, which comes from combustion of coal and oil and from industrial activities. Darker particles absorb sunlight and warm the atmosphere where they are suspended. Black carbon is the most important absorbing particle; it comes from incomplete combustion of coal, wood and diesel. Since the scattering effect is larger than the absorbing effect, the overall direct effect over the century is cooling.

Surface air temperature changes from 1890 to 2000, from aerosol direct (top), indirect (middle) and BC-albedo (bottom) effects. Global and [Arctic] mean changes are indicated above each panel.
Pollution aerosols also cool climate by altering cloud properties, known as the "indirect" effect. Cloud droplets form around suspended aerosols. Pollution has increased the number of particles, which makes the cloud droplets smaller and more numerous. These polluted clouds last longer and are brighter. Overall, clouds cool Earth's climate by blocking the surface from incoming sunlight. So the increased cloudiness from pollution has cooled climate over the past century.
A third effect occurs when black carbon (BC) particles land on snow, and the tiny specks of dark material in the upper snow layers absorb heat from the sun and promote melting. This is called the "BC-snow-albedo" effect. Loss of snow or ice makes Earth's surface much darker, so that even more warming and melting occur. Thus the BC-snow albedo effect contributes to warming.
We recently conducted global climate model experiments to distinguish the ways these three aerosol effects have changed climate during the 20th century. The model was run for 1890 conditions and again for year 2000 conditions, and the resulting climates were compared. A first set of experiments made changes in aerosols only. In a second set we also changed greenhouse gases such as CO2 to determine whether the aerosol effects change if greenhouse gases simultaneously warm the climate.
In our study, the biggest aerosol effect on climate came from the effect of aerosol-cloud indirect effect. Over the century, it cooled the surface air temperatures -1°C, with more cooling in the northern hemisphere than in the south. Snow and ice cover increased 1% globally and 4% in the Arctic. Global cloud cover also increased by 0.5%.
The aerosol direct effect cooled the climate over the century by -0.2°C, also more in the north than the southern hemisphere. It also caused a small increase in cloud and snow/ice cover.
Warming from the BC-albedo effect was similar in magnitude to the cooling from the direct effect. The effect was largest in the Arctic, where snow/ice cover declined by 1%.
We found correlations among the aerosol impacts within regions, so that cooler (warmer) temperatures typically correlated with increased (decreased) snow/ice cover and increased (decreased) cloud cover.
If greenhouse gases increased together with aerosols over the century, the potency of the aerosol effects was reduced. One exception was the cloud changes from the indirect effect, which increased 0.5% with or without the greenhouse gas changes. Nevertheless the greenhouse gas warming reduced the indirect effect on surface air temperatures cooling by 20% and on snow/ice cover increase by 50%. Furthermore the greenhouse gas warming generally overwhelmed the changes from the BC-albedo effects.
Since the aerosol impacts were particularly great in the Arctic, we studied the seasonality of the changes there. Aerosols altered the surface air temperature changes most in winter, even though effects on snow/ice and cloud cover were greatest during summer. One explanation for the seasonal offset is that the large summertime snow/ice change alters ground temperatures, and these ground temperature changes are felt more at ground-level during winter when the surface atmospheric layer is most stable.

NOVELTY!!!

A pleasant thursday evening,balmy air, elated mind i was in a ecstatic state. It was an unexpected holiday the day after. I felt the consummate happiness. I was driving my vehicle in the taramani road amidst the thick cloud of traffic. My thoughts drifted to my favourite topic of climate change,global warming. Umpteen no of queries arised in my mind. I was allmost driving absent minded. The wind was blowing in the east-west direction to the movement of my vehicle. The blown wind stimulated the tiny particles and carried in a meandering fashion. I realised that not only rivers meander , but even wind has that ability.(albeit, not directly)The mighty lounges of IT parks and array of green bushes facing those giant mammoth buildings. Wow!!! what a picturesuque evening. I remembered the story of the small boy who defeated the mighty giant. I felt as if the small green saplings were confronting the aim of those it parks to polute the air. I started wondering about the pigment which was really absorbing those noxious gases released by moving vehicles as pollutants. I was confounded if really the chlorophyll in the trees had the capacity to absorb the co2 from vehicles. The amount of vegetal cover in a place is inversely proportional to temperature. So does it not reinforce the novel idea that there is global cooling. Ho readers, puzzled?? I shall ratify my statements with some apposite words.

1. The co2 is released by the vehicles.




2. Nowadays there is an accretion in the motor vehicles.




3. By and large the release of co2 has also aggrandized.

This is one part of the story. Lets now look into the global perspective.

1. The trees are in dire need of co2 for their growth.




2. S o when the co2 in the atmosphere increases, the plant growth gets higher and higher.




3. As the vegetal cover grows , the temperature in that area allievates.

As a compendium of the discussions , I felt that the higher co2 levels today can only cool the atmosphere and can no way be a gateway to what is called as "global warming"- The one which even the muffled voices in the labs trying to clobber at.

MEMORABLE DAY!!!

It's quite a long time and after a lull i am back here with some interesting experiences.For those senile critics who lament the death of tradition and culture in the present day world , our kalyani natya kalaalaya can be a rejuvenation. Its the month of august and the festive mood in my bharatham class has begun.This is one such instance in the plethora of fun which we have in our bharatham class.

Early in the saturday morning , my friend's call reminded me of the function(salangai pooja)we had in our bharatham class. Albeit i was happy in spending time with my cute mam and our sir i was a little annoyed by the sea big assignments i had in my college for the following week.Still i actuated myself with the zeal to enjoy the function.As i was deeply engrossed in myblissful memories , i remembered the mammoth task of wearing the saree. I was really tweaking myself to get adjusted to it. The clock struck 3'o clock .I was quite presumptuous about my digi cam .I even had wild and wide plans to image every corner of our class just for me to realise that i had no charge in my 8 mega pixel monster. Ghosh!!!all my plans were in vain.Yet i had few other silly ideas to get one from my friends.I took my mobile, finished my usual prayers before leaving my house and with an air of confidence and complacence i started driving towards my bharatham class.

The weather was was really hypnotizing. Poised saturday evening,balmy breeze,relaxed mind,Darkening clouds.Ho!! my thoughts started wandering so long that i had to really focus myself to drive my vehicle.I was deep into so many nostalgic dreams.whosh!!! very tough to bring me back every time.My class would be roughly 400m from my house.Albeit, i had a battle with my attire, the ambient weather was an antidote.

I reached my destination.As usual, i was the last one to reach. My friends were already there.Air was perfumed with the fragrance of incense sticks.The acoustics of the hall was laudable. I accede that i was quite bemused by the close resemblance of the priest of the function to my teacher's son. I was truly agitated when he spoke to me in telugu when i was busy engrossed in a deep talk with my friend.In the midst of all this, i somehow managed to take a few clippings in my friend's mobile.

The pleasant music played was highly animated.Arrays of small children, all in gorgeous dresses followed by their parents, their catwalk aggrandized the acceleration of the function.And silly me,again lost in my childhood memories.My first day in my bharatham class, my first guru, Me holding my mother's hand and standing in the line during my salangai pooja.Just then the very call from my madam woke me up.

The priest was chanting all those baffling ,ambiguous mantras, everyone was busy and i was amicably moving around just to see myself in the mirror in my saree amidst the august gathering. The pooja was coming to an end.M e and my friend Bhuva were getting ourselves ready for singing .I was presumptuous as i had already prepared my notes for the song. My teacher's son played the mridangam. He is a profound mridangist. Anyway we managed it.

Finally everything was over.The crowd was receding after greeting my teacher for her arduous efforts.Then it was the most awaited moment for me. M e and my mam gave a sigh of relief.We all garnered to eat the most coveted pulidarai (our sir's speciality). We all dispersed after exchanging warm greetings. It was a visual treat to everyone of us. My heartfelt wishes for mam and sir -quintessence of hardwork without whom it would not have been possible.

I was exhausted and retired to bed soon after reaching home.Nice and sweet memories which will linger in my mind forever.

EUREKA!!!

Ultimately i made it. I saw that movie.The description go beyond words.Something worth seeing.These words really caught my attention"if it dies ,so we die".Kudos to the director and all actors.

SUNSHINE

Have u wondered abt our earth's soulmate around which she revolves,The Sun? I happen to read the story of a movie named " SUNSHINE".Thanks to Nisha, if not for her blog i would have missed this movie. This is a english movie directed by Dannie Boyle .Its a way out to every soul who rejoice in the world of sci-fi films. This is all about rebooting the faulty sun by sending a Nuke to it. I was really awe struck by the director's picturesque description of the spacecraft-ICARUS-2 which is being sent into space to reignite the Sun which is running out of fuel to perform its glorious action of nuclear fission as it is used by the science maniac.Think , he must have done more reseach on this, to make such a colourful description. Fifty years from now, the sun is dying, and mankind is dying with it. Our last hope: a spaceship and a crew of eight men and women. They carry a device which will breathe new life into the star. But deep into their voyage, out of radio contact with Earth, their mission is starting to unravel. There is an accident, a fatal mistake, and a distress beacon from a spaceship that disappeared seven years earlier. Soon the crew is fighting not only for their lives, but their sanity.

Despite the logical flaws, i hope the movie can make us regurgititate(Ho Nisha!!! thanks for this word ) every second of it। I am unsure if the crew was successful in reigniting thesun but the very story of the movie articulated my will to watch this movie।This reminds of the movie,"THE DAY THE EARTH STOOD STILL" where an alien makes an errand to earth to dehumanize earth as he felt , it was human beings who toxify the blissful planet by their activities. Indeed, its true nowdays.The muffled voices from the melting glaciers of antartica and rising sea level in artic testifies this fact.The story takes up an unexpected turn when the alien is stimulated by a young scientist who cares for him and saves him from the officials who attempt to kill him. Was the alien entangled in the affectionate trap of the scientist or was he firm in his attitude to dstroy the life on earth, is a tangential question which is being answered by the the director in the climax.

TRACK YOUR LOST MOBILE!!!

Hi friends,
I am now back with my idea to track your missing mobile phones. I am sure that this strategy can allay our concerns for missing mobiles.
Its far ahead of the tracking softwares which we have now in our cell phones.I can say its the customized version of the tracking softwares which we have now.The softwares we have now just gives a warning mesage whenever the sim card is changed.The new number of the sim is being sent to the cell phone number we have mentioned in case of loss of our mobile. This can even cause unneccessary problems as the number can be changed by the owner himself for reasons known to himself . So how to counteract these problems?
A gps receiver attached to the mobile set and not the sim itself can allievate this problem which is raised by the muffled voices from all over the world. As the gps is being attached to the set ,even if the sim is removed the warning is sent. Moreover the gps attached should be configured such that the GPS coordinates of the mobile's current location is also sent . But its really fatuous to a common man who cannot understand the conventions of lat long values being sent . So we have to fuse tthis with a visual display in the guadian's mobile which houses a GIS .Though the range plays a vital role,it can initially be carried out in small scale.B y and large certainly we can extend it to massive scale as the database becomes quite friendly.This gis can show us the location of the mobile on th surface of the earth, the near by police stations,important landmarks near by,shortest distance from the place of the guardian to the location of the mobile.Though this is quite imaginary I would be happy if u post your ideas to bring it in shape.

UNDERWATER ANGELS

The biogenetic reefs are no longer the exception to the monster-global warming.I was really taken a back when i read the article in Hindu , which spoke in volume about the depleting corals in lakshadweep islands. As per the glacial theory which predicts the subsidence of corals , when the sea level rise , i doubt if these mighty red dazzling calcium deposits of so called planktons are moving towards their doom's day.There are numerous papers on coral reefs written in black and blue by various stalwarts all around the world.Its really pathetic that none could save these underwater angels.I am afraid if their would be a dawn when we see a picture of signboard saying-"The last reef specimen on this planet. So ,navigation in ths area is prohibited."Let's not push them to the list of endangered species.

Lets take the initiative as a geo-informatic engineer.Lets save them with our magic wand of remote snsing.

TREMENDOUS GRAVITY OF BLACK HOLE

Black holes are bodies which can suck in anything due to its gravity.Every body on this earth has gravitational force.but, the extent of the force matters a lot.The gravity of any entity is attributed to its mass and how far it is from the other.Let's now do this expt.
Take a sheet of paper in your hand.keep your other hand at some distance ,with your palm facing the paper. Do u thnk your hand has got attracted to the paper.If you say no, its wrong.Though you could see your hand at the same distance, there is a tiny gravitational force acting between the body and the paper.But, here the distance moved is very less, that it is not visible to our naked eyes.
Now crush the paper .you could find that space occupied by the paper has reduced.its mass is same. neverthless, there is a gravitational force.but it is larger than before.now that the paper has shrunk in size and has so many cavities,faults etc .This has provided the path for any body in affinity to move even more closer. (ie.into the core of the paper)
This is the same concept happening even in black hole.The star is bigger in size.There is less room for any body to move in when it shrunks in size(with same mass)any object can intrude into its core.

GLIMPSES OF ARCHAEOLOGY

Through this page , I would like to take my enlightened readers to an oldest archaeological site located near mamallapuram The history of this site dates back to 3b.c.

BENEATH THE SOIL:

Ever since my childhood , i have the habit of gazing at the sky and pondering about the mystery of universe. But, then that i realised,"we have infinite treasures underneath".
After waving hands to our friends in the college campus ,we began our errand to 'SIRUTHAVUR'. Initially it was all silence.But then ,the bus started resonating with the songs ,cheering voices etc.As we crossed the IT corrider of OMR, we were able to see so many premier outstanding companies like orchid chemicals,accensor,vistas etc.


Around 12 noon, to everyone's surprise, suddenly,we could see the darkening of clouds.Much as we expected,we could see it drizzling outside. The bus halted at TIRUPORUR.It was a rugged terrain.We were fortunate enough to be accompanied by our geology madam and an archaeologist.We went on to visit the age old burial grounds which spoke in volumes about the life after death. It was their tradition to bury the body of a dead person along with urns containing maize,rice etc.Many precious rings,iron materials were found by excavation from these sites, which are now being preserved by ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA.We could notice that all these burial spots were oriented towards a water body.As we were marching to our bus, we accidentally saw a green snake which caught everyone's attention.

Our second place of visit was Siruthavur.At present ,so many studies are being carried out on civilization of people in the past.These places are glaring examples for the architecture of people in 3B.C.These places are now being mapped for further interpretation and research. After the lunch , it was a mind-boggling experience.We were enthralled by the beauty of the temple built 1500 years back.(excavated in 2004).This was actually indundated by the tsunami which took place in the past.The results of interpretation are as follows:

• The place had a structure much resembling the peedam of a temple.
• There was a stick similar to the vel in lord muruga's hand.
• It had so many so many structures appearing identical to wells.
• The place was approximately 30mtrs from the sea.
• The slope of the place was 2 degree.

CALCULATION OF VELOCITY OF WAVES:l
The inundated temple was roughly 30m from the sea.From the generic principles of wave theory, the tsunami waves follow a sinosoidal pattern with very large time period due to WAVE SHOALING.The amplitude of the wave is also very high.
So, by the simple relation between velocity and depth
C=(gd)^0.5
g=acceleration ude to gravity,
d=depth of the sea(in this case it is around 100m) so C=31.308m/s
By the theory of projectile motion,we could find the maximum height reached .

h=50.0097meters
(This is just a rough estimate as i have not taken into account the effects of air friction and earth's rotation in projectile motion)neverthless, once i get the correct relation and formula for thes two parameters , i will update it.

These facts drive home the fact that unless there had been a major disaster like tsunami/flood ,it would have been impossible for the water level in the sea to rise so high to inundate the whole region which was (approx) 30 meters(horizontal distance) from it.It was an interesting fact that the temple was located above a huge hill.This supplements our prediction about the disaster.

Back to the campus:
Our trip came to a jolting halt. Though the trip was only for one day, these memories will linger in my mind forever.
EXTRAPOLATION OF IDEAS:
Interpolations like finding out the climate change in that area ,water table depth etc.Have u ever thought of this??? TSUNAMI DUE TO THE FALL OF ASTEROID IN THE SEA
Lets continue our innovations!!!

SHRINKING AMAZON!!!

Global warming has become an unprecedented question to the world.its high time for the world to realise that the declarations made on global warming isn't a garden party. a credible action is the need of the hour.recently scientists around the world found yet another proof for increase in earth's temperature.

The records of rainfall in the emblematic south american jungle-amazon rain forest, for the years after 2005(as we know its the hottest year in the history till date)speak themselves about the deprivation in the amount of rainfall.In addition to this ,the leaves show signs of dark stripes , which even prove the higher intake of carbon- di- oxide.This stands as a testimony to the fact that CO2 emission in that area is increasing day by day.

Even under the most optimistic climate scenaris, the destruction of the large parts of the forest is irreversible.Due to the decrease in rainfall, the roots become dry,the parched forest will be converted into a dry land and more susceptable to forest fire which will destroy the still healthy parts of the forest.